Some tools/methods utilized in genomics include:

• STRUCTURAL GENOMICS- The study or discovery of what particular gene sequences are present, and where they are located within an organism's DNA.
• GENE FUNCTION ANALYSIS- The determination of which protein is expressed (i.e., caused to be "manufactured") by each gene in an organism's genome. Typically, gene function analysis follows after structural genomics study.
• FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS- The study or discovery of what traits/functions are conferred to an organism by given gene sequence(s).
• CHEMICAL GENETICS- Used to compare two same- species organisms (one of which has a given gene, or genes, inactivated by a specific chemical or site mutation).
• GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS- Used to determine product(s) produced (such as an enzyme or other critical protein) when a given gene is "switched on", by measuring fluorescence of individual messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules (specific to which particular gene is "switched on" at the time), when that mRNA hybridizes (with DNA pieces corresponding to proteins produced/analyzed, that were attached to hybridization surface on biochip).
• CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION- used to determine all points on an organism's DNA that a given protein (e.g., transcription facor) binds to.

One example of genomics was scientists' discovery via gene expression analysis that humans of Asian ancestry are more likely to express the particular mutation of the gene for epidermal growth factor receptor (shown to be present in their DNA via structural genomics) that can result in lung cancer.